Lang, D., & Savageau, J. (2017). Starting at the end: Measuring learning using retrospective pre-post evaluations. Retrieved from: https://aea365.org/blog/starting-at-the-end-measuring-learning-using-retrospective-pre-post-evaluations-by-debi-lang- and-judy-savageau/
University of Florida IFAS Extension (nd). Savvy Survey Series. Retreived from: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/topic_series_savvy_survey
University of Wisconsin Extension (2005). Quick tip 29: When to use the retrospective post-then-pre design. Retrieved from: https://evaluationmatters.extension.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/When-Use-Retrospective-Post-then-Pre-Design. pdf University of Wisconsin Extension (2002). Think about these questions before you create a basic end-of-session evaluation. Retrieved from: https://evaluationmatters.extension.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Questions-to-Think-About-End-of-Session.pdf
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Qualitative Methods Qualitative data is often described as non-numeric data. It can be made up of words, pictures, or observation notes. A qualitative approach is generally used when researchers want to study a topic or phenomenon in-depth and within a particular cultural context. Often, the number of units studied is small (the number of people interviewed or the number of focus groups conducted) because qualitative data collection and analysis can be time-consuming and labor intensive. The CDC's Evaluation Brief, "Analyzing Qualitative Data for Evaluation" is a two-page document that provides the advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research and how to go about qualitative data analysis.
Typically, in Extension work, qualitative data is obtained through these research methods:
● Open-ended questions in surveys ● Key-informant or one-on-one interviews ● Focus groups
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